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The economics of extreme heat

Heat exposes the dependence of productivity, housing and public space on climate conditions once treated as stable.

The hidden tax on labour

Extreme heat reduces the body’s capacity for sustained physical and cognitive work, effectively imposing a weather-driven tax on productivity. The burden is concentrated among outdoor workers, poorly cooled workplaces and jobs with little control over schedules. Headline economic losses can therefore conceal a sharper distributional question about whose income and health absorb the shock.

Adaptation and inequality

Air conditioning protects individuals but can raise energy demand, urban waste heat and exclusion where electricity is unaffordable. Passive cooling, shade, labour protections and public warning systems spread resilience more broadly. Adaptation policy is ultimately an allocation decision about which risks remain private and which are shared publicly.

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Faktların dayandığı materiallar

WHO — Climate change, heat and health

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